Climate Mars
of planets in solar system, seasons of mars earth-like, due similar tilts of 2 planets rotational axes. lengths of martian seasons twice of earth s because mars s greater distance sun leads martian year being 2 earth years long. martian surface temperatures vary lows of −143 °c (−225 °f) @ winter polar caps highs of 35 °c (95 °f) in equatorial summer. wide range in temperatures due thin atmosphere cannot store solar heat, low atmospheric pressure, , low thermal inertia of martian soil. planet 1.52 times far sun earth, resulting in 43% of amount of sunlight.
if mars had earth-like orbit, seasons similar earth s because axial tilt similar earth s. comparatively large eccentricity of martian orbit has significant effect. mars near perihelion when summer in southern hemisphere , winter in north, , near aphelion when winter in southern hemisphere , summer in north. result, seasons in southern hemisphere more extreme , seasons in northern milder otherwise case. summer temperatures in south can 30 k (30 °c; 54 °f) warmer equivalent summer temperatures in north.
mars has largest dust storms in solar system. these can vary storm on small area, gigantic storms cover entire planet. tend occur when mars closest sun, , have been shown increase global temperature.
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