Classical and art music Music of Finland
1 classical , art music
1.1 classical music
1.2 opera
1.3 contemporary art music
classical , art music
classical music
vårt land (maamme), national anthem of finland, 1863
in 18th century, public concerts established in turku , erik tulindberg wrote 6 famous string quartets. after russia s 1809 annexation of finland, cities of viipuri , helsinki became cultural centers , opera became popular. first finnish opera written german composer fredrik pacius in 1852. pacius wrote maamme/vårt land (our land), finland s national anthem , founded akademiska sångföreningen in year 1838, oldest still active choir in finland.
in 1874, society culture , education (kansanvalistusseura) founded in order provide opportunities artistic expression, beginning jyväskylä festival in 1881. festival, organized on estonian roots, still exists today. in 1883, helsinki university chorus (ylioppilaskunnan laulajat) founded 1 of few finnish-language choirs in swedish-speaking scene. same year conductor robert kajanus founded known helsinki philharmonic orchestra , martin wegelius founded known sibelius academy.
in 1890s, finnish nationalism based on kalevala spread, , jean sibelius became famous vocal symphony kullervo. received grant study poetry singers in karelia , continued rise first prominent finnish musician. in 1899 composed finlandia, played important role in finland gaining independence. remains 1 of finland s popular national figures , symbol of nation.
alongside sibelius, national romanticism sprouted number of composers contributed in formation of distinct finnish style of music. heino kaski composer of small chamber music pieces, erkki melartin s vast output includes 6 symphonies, yrjö kilpinen composed vast number of solo songs, leevi madetoja, toivo kuula. 1930s saw composers uuno klami , yrjö kilpinen rise popularity. kilpinen s approach nationalistic, whereas klami had karelian influences while leaning towards french models.
finland has lively classical music scene. composers accompanied large number of great conductors such mikko franck, esa-pekka salonen (also notable composer), jukka-pekka saraste, osmo vänskä, susanna mälkki, leif segerstam , sakari oramo obe. many finnish singers , instrumentalists have achieved international success. among them opera singers martti talvela, karita mattila, matti salminen, soile isokoski , topi lehtipuu, pianists ralf gothoni, olli mustonen , paavali jumppanen, clarinettist kari kriikku , violinist pekka kuusisto. practically prominent finnish musicians perform both classical , contemporary art music, old , new music not separated each other.
the opening of new finnish national opera in 1993 , new helsingin musiikkitalo in 2011 strengthened position of classical , art music in national infrastructure. orchestra network in finland might proportionally densest in world, 30 member orchestras of association of finnish symphony orchestras.
opera
aino ackté , other prominent opera singers founded finnish opera in 1911. ackté began festival in savonlinna following year; precursor of savonlinna opera festival, started in 1960s, shortly before new finnish opera became famous in 1970s. leevi madetoja s 1924 pohjalaisia, operatic allegory russian oppression during previous decades, became popular during 1920s. @ same time, aarre merikanto composed opera juha libretto aino ackté, rejected , asked leevi madetoja compose version instead; merikanto s juha first performed after composers death in 1958, , nowadays regarded underrated masterwork.
aulis sallinen started new wave of finnish opera in 1970s horseman , red line. red line recognized on globe numerous reproductions in a.o. moscow, london , new york city. along sallinen s stage works, joonas kokkonen s opera last temptations contributed heavily new rise of finnish opera music. more recent major operas finnish composers include among others kaija saariaho s l amour de loin , adriana mater olli kortekangas s isän tyttö ( daddy s girl ).
contemporary art music
the first wave of post-classical music in finland came in 1920s young modernists aarre merikanto, väinö raitio , sulho ranta. however, movement tamed growing nationalistic tendency in arts before second world war. in 1940s, erik bergman , joonas kokkonen gained popularity , added important technical innovations finnish music. new generation of finnish composers turned modernism, einojuhani rautavaara , usko meriläinen, while neoclassical style had voice in music of einar englund. 1950s saw increase in international attention on finnish music , helped modernize finnish composing.
the forming of ears open! society in 1977 turned out major change in finnish art music. circles there emerged few composers , musicians achieved worldwide success, conductor-composer esa-pekka salonen, , composers eero hämeenniemi, kaija saariaho, magnus lindberg , jouni kaipainen. ears open! society followed keenly central european modernism along lines of pierre boulez , karlheinz stockhausen, showed lot of interest towards post-war polish school composers witold lutoslawski. ears open! followed forming of avanti! chamber orchestra in 1983, offered fine platform composers , instrumentalists introduce new works , stylistic flows in finland.
in 21st century, modernist movement has waned somewhat, still represented composers veli-matti puumala , lotta wennäkoski. juhani nuorvala rare minimalist, whereas osmo tapio räihälä , sebastian fagerlund leaning more towards post-modernism.
even performing of contemporary art music blossoms in finland, specialized groups uusinta chamber ensemble , zagros. important stages contemporary art music established festivals time of music in viitasaari, musica nova helsinki , tampere biennale, klang concert series in helsinki.
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