Labor United States home front during World War I

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1919 new york herald cartoon portraying reds , iww members violent mob held threat of army machine gun


the american federation of labor (afl) , affiliated trade unions strong supporters of war effort. fear of disruptions war production labor radicals provided afl political leverage gain recognition , mediation of labor disputes, in favor of improvements workers. resisted strikes in favor of arbitration , wartime policy, , wages soared near-full employment reached @ height of war. afl unions encouraged young men enlist in military, , fiercely opposed efforts reduce recruiting , slow war production pacifists, anti-war industrial workers of world (iww) , radical socialists. keep factories running smoothly, wilson established national war labor board in 1918, forced management negotiate existing unions. wilson appointed afl president samuel gompers powerful council of national defense, set war committee on labor.


after resisting taking stance, iww became actively anti-war, engaging in strikes , speeches , suffering both legal , illegal suppression federal , local governments pro-war vigilantes. iww branded anarchic, socialist, unpatriotic, alien , funded german gold, , violent attacks on members , offices continue 1920s.


the afl membership soared 2.4 million in 1917. in 1919, afl tried make gains permanent , called series of major strikes in meat, steel , other industries. strikes failed, forcing unions membership , power similar around 1910.








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