Environmental conditions Bacterial growth

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1 environmental conditions

1.1 temperature
1.2 acidity
1.3 water activity
1.4 oxygen
1.5 micronutrients
1.6 toxins





environmental conditions

environmental factors influence rate of bacterial growth such acidity (ph), temperature, water activity, macro , micro nutrients, oxygen levels, , toxins. conditions tend relatively consistent between bacteria exception of extremophiles. bacterium have optimal growth conditions under thrive, once outside of conditions stress can result in either reduced or stalled growth, dormancy (such formation spores), or death. maintaining sub-optimal growth conditions key principle food preservation.


temperature

low temperatures tend reduce growth rates has led refrigeration being instrumental in food preservation.depending on temperature, bacteria can classified as:



psychrophiles

survive under temperatures of below 20°c



mesophiles

survive under temperatures of 20°- 45°c



thermophiles

survive under temperatures of 45° - 60°c


acidity

optimal acidity bacteria tends around ph 6.5 7.0 exception of acidophiles. bacteria can change ph such excreting acid resulting in sub-optimal conditions.


water activity

oxygen

bacteria can aerobes or anaerobes.


micronutrients

ample nutrients



toxins

toxins such ethanol can hinder or kill bacterial growth. used beneficially disinfection , in food preservation.








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