Geography Lüneburg Heath

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1 geography

1.1 location
1.2 hills , elevations
1.3 rivers , streams
1.4 geology
1.5 natural divisions
1.6 climate





geography
location

map of lüneburg heath



lüneburg heath



common juniper (juniperus communis) on lüneburg heath



sandy heathland on lüneburg heath


from geographical point of view, lüneburg heath specific natural region, area distinguished specific combination of abiotic factors (climate, relief, water resources, soil, geology) , biotic factors (flora , fauna). lüneburg heath sub-division of north european plain. in list of major natural regions of germany issued federal office nature conservation (bundesamt für naturschutz) region number d28.


lüneburg heath covers area includes districts (landkreise) of celle, gifhorn, heidekreis, uelzen, lüneburg, lüchow-dannenberg, southeast rotenburg (the town of visselhövede, fintel, part of municipality of scheeßel , eastern half of bothel) , rural district of harburg. easternmost fringes of stade geest belonging landkreis verden called linteln geest (lintelner geest) or verden heath (verdener heide) , form part of municipality of kirchlinteln. region has no sharply defined boundary lüneburg heath.


lüneburg heath lies between rivers elbe north, drawehn east, aller south , southwest, middle course of wümme west , harburg hills (harburger berge) northwest.


on northwestern edge of lüneburg heath harburg hills , south of schneverdingen there bogs, such pietzmoor. of note other smaller bogs in sinkholes, grundloses moor ( bottomless bog ) near walsrode or bullenkuhle near bokel (part of sprakensehl). eastern boundary wendland formed göhrde-drawehn hills (the ostheide natural region). parts of lüneburg heath in südheide nature park, others in lüneburg heath nature park.


hills , elevations

wilseder berg


the highest elevation on lüneburg heath wilseder berg (169.2 metres (555 ft)) above nn). other hills on 100 metres (330 ft) high are: falkenberg (150 metres (490 ft)), near bergen, ahrberg (145 metres (476 ft)), hakenberg (143 metres (469 ft)), hoher mechtin (142 metres (466 ft)), pampower berg (140 metres (460 ft)), lüßberg (130 metres (430 ft)), brunsberg, near sprötze (129 metres (423 ft)), goldbockenberg (129 metres (423 ft)), hingstberg (126 metres (413 ft)), staffelberg (126 metres (413 ft)), hengstberg (121 metres (397 ft)), höpenberg near schneverdingen (120 metres (390 ft)), haußelberg (119.1 metres (391 ft)), breithorn (118 metres (387 ft)), mützenberg (115 metres (377 ft)), tellmer berg (113 metres (371 ft)), wümmeberg (107.9 metres (354 ft)), schiffberg (107 metres (351 ft)), hummelsberg , wulfsberg (each 106 metres (348 ft)), drullberg , thonhopsberg (each 104 metres (341 ft)), kruckberg , wietzer berg (each 102 metres (335 ft)) , höllenberg (101 metres (331 ft)).


several of these hills - wilseder berg, falkenberg, haußelberg , breithorn - used mathematician, carl friedrich gauss, triangulation stations in topographical surveys of kingdom of hanover 1821–1825.


rivers , streams

rivers in area, beside numerous small heathland streams, include wümme, rises on western slopes of wilseder berg, in south lachte tributary lutter, , aller, vissel, böhme, grindau, meiße , Örtze. belong weser river system. flowing elbe aue, ilmenau, luhe , seeve.


geology

the immediate subsurface layers on lüneburg heath exclusively made of deposits quaternary ice age. landscape consists of flat plains of ground moraines, ridges of hilly terminal moraines , of sandar - glacial outwash plains deposited @ edge of ice sheet.


during saalian stage (230,000–130,000 years ago) area of present-day lüneburg heath covered 3 times continental ice sheet. in last glacial period (110,000–10,000 years ago) ice sheet no longer covered lüneburg heath area; reached far river elbe. due lack of vegetation, more rugged terrain @ time heavily eroded water, wind , soil fluction; resulted in valleys totengrund. material displaced erosion, referred sediment (geschiebedecksand), has depth of 0.4 0.8 metres (on slopes 1.5 metres).


see also: drawehn, bullenkuhle, kieselgur.


the region covered heathland landscape consisting of big heather , juniper areas, forests , smaller swamps. in contrast areas in north of lüneburg heath, landscape hilly, placed on terminal moraine.


natural divisions

lüneburg heath divided following natural sub-divisions:



hohe heide


the hohe heide ( high heath ) consists of series of end moraines glaciers of saalian glaciation (230,000–130,000 years ago) wilseder berg @ heart. unlike other natural divisions of lüneburg heath, terrain quite rugged. characteristic of area dry hilltops, periglacial dry valleys , hollows totengrund. heathland dominates landscape. part of lüneburg heath nature park , of great importance tourism. in addition there extensive pine forests.


south heath


the south heath (südheide) dominated expanses of gently undulating, hilly sander plains, , sheets of ground moraine , remains of end moraines earlier ice ages. there still large areas of heath on military training areas near bad fallingbostel , munster (Örtze); these out-of-bounds visitors however. osterheide near schneverdingen belongs natural subdivision. part of lüneburg heath nature reserve. near schneverdingen , south of soltau there several bogs. large area of südheide covered pine forests.


ostheide


numerous end moraines run through ostheide ( east heath ) stretches on eastern edge of lüneburg heath lüneburg north of wolfsburg. in parts of region land intensively cultivated. northern area, so-called göhrde , drawehn, contrast wooded southern ridge of end moraine.


uelzen basin , ilmenau depression


the ground moraine landscape of uelzen basin predominantly used agriculture. on surrounding ridges there few pine forests however. there still large areas of heath here well, example ellerndorfer heide ( ellerndorf heath ) in western uelzen district or klein bünstorfer heide ( klein bünstorf heath ).


luheheide


the ridges of end moraine on luheheide have defined slopes fall away sharply elbe valley. heath incised rivers drain northwards elbe; rivers such seeve, aue, luhe (ilmenau). ridges between them wooded , sparsely populated. settlements crowded in valleys. there hardly heathland left in area, has been largely reforested pines.


climatic diagram soltau


climate

lüneburg heath lies in temperate maritime climatic region moderated atlantic, mild winters, cool summers , precipitation all-year round. hohe heide, however, has low mountain climate lower temperatures , higher precipitation in surrounding area.








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