Hardware Rainbow 100

-



1 hardware

1.1 cpus
1.2 memory
1.3 storage

1.3.1 floppy disk drives
1.3.2 hard disks


1.4 graphics
1.5 display
1.6 keyboard
1.7 third-party
1.8 dec option table





hardware
cpus

the rainbow contained 2 separate data buses controlled zilog z80 , intel 8088 respectively. buses exchanged information via shared 62 kb memory.


when not executing 8-bit code, zilog z80 used floppy disk access. 8088 bus used control of other subsystems, including graphics, hard disk access, , communications. while may have been theoretically possible load z80 binary code rainbow execute alongside 8088 code, procedure has never been demonstrated.


the 8088 upgraded faster nec v20 chip. gave 10-15% speed improvement, required two-byte change system s roms fix 2 timing loops.


memory

the 100a model shipped 64 kb memory on motherboard, while 100b had 128 kb memory on motherboard. daughterboards available digital equipment corporation increase system memory additional 768 kb total 892 kb.


storage
floppy disk drives

the floppy disk drives, known rx50, accepted proprietary 400 kb single-sided, quad-density 5¼-inch diskettes. initial versions of operating systems on rainbow did not allow low-level formatting, requiring users purchase rx50 media digital equipment corporation. high cost of media ($5 per disk) led accusations of vendor lock-in against digital. however, later versions of ms-dos , cp/m allowed formatting of diskettes.


of note single motor used drive both disk drives via common spindle, arranged 1 on top of other. meant 1 disk went underneath first inserted upside-down. earned diskette drive nickname toaster . unusual orientation confused many first-time users, complain machine not read disk.


hard disks

digital equipment corporation produced winchester disk controller rainbow capable of controlling hard disks compatible st-506 interface. controller, however, limited single drive , including 8 heads , 1024 cylinders, limiting storage maximum of 67 mb.


third-party hard-disk controllers available, including dual winchester support chs


graphics

the base rainbow system capable of displaying text in 80×24- or 132×24-character format in monochrome only. system apply attributes text including bolding, double-width, , double-height-double-width.


the graphics option user-installable module added graphics , color display capabilities rainbow system. graphic module based on nec 7220 graphic display controller (gdc) , 8×64 kb dram video memory.


due design of graphics system, rainbow capable of controlling 2 monitors simultaneously, 1 displaying graphics , displaying text.


display

the base rainbow system generates ttl composite-video signal in monochrome mode. inclusion of graphics option, rainbow output sync-on-green rgb video signals @ ttl levels. rainbow coupled 12-inch vr201 monochrome monitor or 13-inch vr241 color monitor, both produced digital equipment corporation.


keyboard

the rainbow 100 , other 2 microcomputers dec announced @ same time (decmate ii , pro-350) had 2 quirks annoyed conservative users. lk201 keyboard used new layout made teletype model 33 , vt100 users unhappy. however, vt220 style of keyboard can seen in layout of enhanced 101-key keyboard adopted ibm in 1985.


third-party

third-party upgrades available, including 80286 (286) processor upgrade (turbow-286), 3.5-inch disk adapter kit (idrive), , battery-backed clock chip (clikclok), suitable solutions.


in 1984, first computer support native american languages began rainbow 100. rock point community school on navajo reservation in arizona commissioned rom chip navajo language, enabling school create bilingual computer programs.


univation produced number of products rainbow well. offered add-in memory cards, hard disk controllers , lan cards.


dec option table

here s various options rainbow hardware. country kits not yet listed.



data compiled number of sources including









Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

In literature Socialist realism in Romania

-
1 in literature 1.1 prose works 1.2 poetry 1.3 drama in literature the symbolic debut of socialist realism in literature, official ideology, took place in january 1948, when 3 articles signed sorin toma published in scînteia. titled poetry of putrefaction or putrefaction of poetry , dealt poetic works of tudor arghezi. language used extremely harsh , marked complete break interwar values: foul-smelling vocabulary [...], arghezi in poetry picasso did in painting, introducing excrement artistic material... 1 finds bits of real beauty here , there in arghezi s poetry. in 1950, mihai eminescu school of literature founded, aim of forming new generation of writers in romanian people s republic. in article published in viaţa românească (nr. 3 of 1951), mihai beniuc, member of writers union of romania, offered definition of socialist-realist poet: must philosopher familiar profound ideas of age [...], toward marx, engels, lenin , stalin opened way [...], , activist in service of ideas. ne...
Read more

Flipnote creation Flipnote Studio 3D

-
the main screen of flipnote creation interface. largely similar predecessor, flipnote studio 3d allows users create short animated sketches known flipnotes. flipnotes can made of hundreds of frames, , can played @ variety of speeds. software offers users option create 3d flipnotes drawing different parts of animation on 3 layers. the main tools include pen, eraser, , paintbrush. new flipnotes studio 3d tools draw shapes, fill enclosed areas (paint bucket), , insert text. application features limited color palette, including black, white, red, blue, green, , yellow. slight improvement upon flipnote studio, didn t include yellow , green selectable colors, still possible using color mixing. selection tool used copy , manipulate parts of frame. users can use 3ds system s camera , microphone add audio , photos creations. these animations can either shared on application s native online community, or exporting them gif or avi files.
Read more

How CURP codes are built Unique Population Registry Code

-
1 how curp codes built 1.1 exceptions 1.1.1 Ñ 1.1.2 common given names 1.1.3 catalog of inappropriate words how curp codes built to understand how curp codes built, 1 must first understand hispano american naming conventions. full names in spanish-speaking countries (including mexican full names) consist of 3 elements: the curp code composed of 18 characters assigned follows: the first surname s initial , first inside vowel; the second surname s initial (or letter x if, foreign nationals, person has no second surname); the first given name s initial; date of birth (2 digits year, 2 digits month, , 2 digits day); a one-letter gender indicator (h male (hombre in spanish) or m female (mujer in spanish)); a two-letter code state person born; persons born abroad, code ne (nacido en el extranjero) used; the first surname s second inside consonant; the second surname s second inside consonant; the first given name s second inside consonant; and two characters ranging 0-9 people born before...
Read more