Orbit and rotation Mars

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mars 230 million kilometres (143,000,000 mi) sun; orbital period 687 (earth) days, depicted in red. earth s orbit in blue.


mars s average distance sun 230 million kilometres (143,000,000 mi), , orbital period 687 (earth) days. solar day (or sol) on mars longer earth day: 24 hours, 39 minutes, , 35.244 seconds. martian year equal 1.8809 earth years, or 1 year, 320 days, , 18.2 hours.


the axial tilt of mars 25.19 degrees relative orbital plane, similar axial tilt of earth. result, mars has seasons earth, though on mars, twice long because orbital period longer. in present day epoch, orientation of north pole of mars close star deneb. mars passed aphelion in march 2010 , perihelion in march 2011. next aphelion came in february 2012 , next perihelion came in january 2013.


mars has relatively pronounced orbital eccentricity of 0.09; of 7 other planets in solar system, mercury has larger orbital eccentricity. known in past, mars has had more circular orbit. @ 1 point, 1.35 million earth years ago, mars had eccentricity of 0.002, less of earth today. mars s cycle of eccentricity 96,000 earth years compared earth s cycle of 100,000 years. mars has longer cycle of eccentricity, period of 2.2 million earth years, , overshadows 96,000-year cycle in eccentricity graphs. last 35,000 years, orbit of mars has been getting more eccentric because of gravitational effects of other planets. closest distance between earth , mars continue mildly decrease next 25,000 years.








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