Track junctions Comparison of train and tram tracks

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right, guard rail, prevents opposite wheel derailing on frog common crossing @ left.


the point 2 straight intersecting railroads cross called frog. groove through each rail allows wheel flanges pass through intersecting rails. without countermeasures each wheel dip groove , strike frog point gap causing unacceptable wear. point 2 tracks join , vehicle can take 1 of 2 directions called railway switch. works on same principle, except inner rail continuous , outer rail has gap flange pass through.


with train problem solved using wide tire. train rails cross @ shallow angle. in middle of interchange there supporting frog. tire guided on each side guide rails , portion of tire maintains rail contact. method not feasible trams , light railways.


tram tires narrower train tires. trams use bigger crossing angles , tighter curve radii more train tracks. cope difficulty wheels of trams temporarily transfer weight of tram onto flange reduce wear on both frog point , horizontal surface of tram wheels. train wheels not designed bear such weight on flanges.


a tram wheel runs on flange rather on horizontal tyre has larger effective diameter, distance travelled per revolution greater. on outside track of curve advantage. may necessary compensate inner wheel or allow slippage. modern trams , trams tend have thicker , wider tires allow greater (horizontal) conical section , greater effective diameter variation , turning ability.







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