History Valencian Community

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archeological site of tossal de manises, ancient iberian–greek–carthaginian–roman city of akra leuke or lucentum



villena castle


the pre-roman autochthon people of valencian community iberians, divided in several groups (the contestani, edetani, ilercavones , bastetani).


the greeks established colonies in coastal towns of saguntum , dénia since 5th century bc, traded , mixed local iberian populations. after end of first punic war between carthage , rome in 241 bc, established limits of influence in ebro river, carthaginians occupied whole region. dispute on hegemony of saguntum, hellenized iberian coastal city diplomatic contacts rome, destroyed hannibal in 219 bc, ignited second punic war, ended incorporation of region roman empire.


the romans founded city of valentia in 138 bc, throughout centuries overtook saguntum in importance. after fall of western roman empire, during barbarian invasions, region first invaded alans , ruled visigoths, until arrival of arabs in 711, left big footprint in region, still visible in today s valencian landscape , culture. after fall of caliphate of cordoba, 2 main independent taifas established @ region, balansiya , dénia, along small , short living taifas of orihuela, alpuente, jérica , sagunt , short christian conquest of valencia el cid.


but origins of present-day valencia date former kingdom of valencia, came existence in 13th century. james of aragon led christian conquest , colonization of existing islamic taifas aragonese , catalan people in 1208 , founded kingdom of valencia third independent country within crown of aragon in 1238.


the kingdom developed in 14th , 15th century, considered golden age of valencian culture, first level works tirant lo blanch. developed high level role in europe both economically silk trade, , politically rise of crown of aragon (in kingdom of valencia became populated , main economical power @ time) , ascension of valencian house of borja in rome. after slow decline following dynastic union of crown of aragon kingdom of castile, came end expulsion of moriscos in 1609 hispanic monarchy, represented loss of 1 third of population of kingdom of valencia , took main agricultural labor force away.



quart towers, city of valencia


in 1707, in context of war of spanish succession, , means of nova planta decrees, king philip v of spain abolished kingdom of valencia, , rest of states belonging former crown of aragon , had retained autonomy, , subordinated structure of kingdom of castile , laws , customs. result of this, institutions , laws created furs of valencia (furs de valència) abolished , usage of valencian language in official instances , education forbidden. consequently, house of bourbon, new kingdom of spain formed implementing more centralized government , absolutist regime former habsburg spain.


the first attempt gain self-government (autogovern) valencian country in modern-day spain during second spanish republic, in 1936, civil war broke out , autonomist project suspended. in 1977, after franco s dictatorship valencia started partially autonomous creation of council of valencian country (consell del país valencià), , in 1982 self-government extended statute of autonomy (estatut d autonomia) creating several self-government institutions under generalitat valenciana. first democratically elected president of generalitat valenciana, joan lerma, took office in 1982 part of transition autonomy.


the valencian statute of autonomy make clear valencia intended modern conception of self-government of valencian country first autonomist movements during second spanish republic, joining traditional conception of valencian identity, being successor historical kingdom of valencia. in fact, after bipartisan reform of valencian statute of autonomy in 2006, records foral civil law, using traditional conception of kingdom, and, on other hand, recognizes valencia nationality, in accordance modern conception.





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