Biography John Caesar

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1 biography

1.1 transportation australia
1.2 first escape
1.3 second escape
1.4 third escape
1.5 pemulwuy
1.6 fourth escape
1.7 death





biography

it believed caesar born in madagascar or west indies. moved england , servant living in parish of st paul, deptford, england, in 1786.


transportation australia

on 17 march 1786, tried @ maidstone, kent stealing 240 shillings. sentence transportation penal colony of new south wales 7 years. imprisoned on alexander, convict transport ship left england in may 1787 part of first fleet. occupation listed servant or labourer.


the alexander arrived in botany bay in january 1788.


according biography, popularly known black caesar , became known in colony hard worker , conscientious labourer.


first escape

on 29 april 1789 tried theft, resorted presumably due scarcity of food in newly established colony. sentenced second term of transportation, time life.


caesar took bush fortnight later, reportedly provisions, iron pot, , musket stolen marine named abraham hand. dearth of game prevented him sustaining himself however, , began steal food on outskirts of settlement.


on 26 may helped himself brickmaking gang s rations on brickfield hill , caught. on night of june 6th tried steal food zachariah clark, house of colony s assistant commissary stores , , caught convict named william saltmarsh.


in july 1789, david collins, colony s judge-advocate, wrote:



this man reputed hardest living convict in colony; frame muscular , calculated hard labour; in intellects did not differ brute; appetite ravenous, in 1 day devour full rations 2 days. gratify appetite compelled steal others, , thefts directed purpose.



caesar described collins after first recapture wretch indifferent meeting death, declared while in confinement, if should hanged, create laugh before turned off, playing off trick upon executioner . governor arthur phillip however, took advantage of caesar s potential labourer , had him sent garden island, work in fetters , provided vegetables. there showed behavior , result allowed work without iron belts.


second escape

caesar allowed work without chains. on 22 december 1789 escaped in stolen canoe, taking gun. robbed settlers gardens, , stole local aborigines, speared him on 30 january 1790.


on 31 january 1790 ceasar handed himself in camp.


governor phillip pardoned him , sent caesar in supply norfolk island in march 1790 assist doctor considen. according biography, 1 july 1791 supporting himself on lot @ queenborough , issued hog. in january next year given 1 acre (0.4 ha) , ordered work 3 days week.


caesar became father, having daughter fellow convict anne power (d 1796). mary ann power born on 4 march 1792. caesar left him on norfolk island when returned port jackson in kitty in 1793.


third escape

caesar escaped briefly again in july 1794 returned home.


pemulwuy

caesar gained notoriety during lifetime part in wounding infamous aboriginal warrior pemulwuy. working party @ botany bay in late 1795 came under attack group of warriors led pemulwuy. caesar wounded him cracking skull.


however caesar not first or last man wound pemulwuy. during many skirmishes british settlers, pemulwuy rumored have been wounded 7 times, caesar being 1 of many men end leadership of aboriginal resistance british colonisation within region.


fourth escape

caesar escaped custody in december 1795 , led gang of absconders in port jackson area. settlers warned against supplying him ammunition.


on 29 january 1796 governor hunter offered reward capture of 5 gallons of spirits.


death

on 15 february 1796 caesar tracked down john wimbow , man @ liberty plains. caesar fired @ them wimbrow managed wound him. caesar taken hut of thomas rose , died of wounds.


he survived daughter, mary ann fisher power.








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