God.27s benevolence Ethics in the Bible
a central issue in monotheist ethics problem of evil, apparent contradiction between benevolent, all-powerful god , existence of evil , hell (see problem of hell). theodicy seeks explain why 1 may simultaneously affirm god s goodness, , presence of evil in world. descartes in meditations considers, rejects, possibility god evil demon ( dystheism ).
the bible contains numerous examples seemingly unethical acts of god.
in book of exodus, god deliberately hardened pharaoh s heart , making him more unwilling free hebrew slaves (exod 4:21, rom 9:17-21).
genocidal commands of god in deuteronomy, such call eradicate canaanite tribes including children , infants (deut 20:16-17). according bible, fulfill god s covenant israel, promised land chosen people.(deuteronomy 7:1-25)
god ordering israelites undertake punitive military raids against other tribes. happened, instance, midianites of moab, had enticed israelites worshipping local gods (numbers 25:1-18). entire tribe exterminated, except young virgin girls, kept israelites slaves (numbers 31:1-54). in 1 samuel 15:3, god orders israelites attack amalekites , totally destroy belongs them. not spare them; put death men , women, children , infants, cattle , sheep, camels , donkeys.
in book of job, god allows satan plague loyal servant job devastating tragedies leaving children dead , himself poor. nature of divine justice becomes theme of entire book. however, after got through troubles health restored , had doubled.
sending evil spirits people (1 samuel 18:10, judges 9:23).
punishing innocent sins of other people (isa 14:21, deut 23:2, hosea 13:16).
in book of isaiah, god created natural disasters/the evil in world. (isaiah 45-7)
^ dominion of love: animal rights according bible, norm phelps, p. 14
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