Operation National Transmission System

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1 operation

1.1 entry
1.2 gas specification , composition
1.3 compressor stations
1.4 offtakes
1.5 gas distribution network





operation

nts starting point uk gas distribution. pipeline system houses not part of nts, part of gas distribution network of local distribution zones, 2 systems combine form uk s gas distribution network.


the 2 types of gas pipelines in uk are: large diameter high-pressure (up 85 bar , 1050 mm diameter) pipelines - type nts uses, , smaller diameter lower pressure pipelines connect users burn gas heat. wall thickness of high pressure pipelines 0.625-inches (18mm).


entry

gas enters nts number of sources:



offshore oil , gas fields on uk continental sheft. these deliver gas via 6 uk coastal gas terminals (five in england: cats teesside; easington/dimlington; theddlethorpe; bacton , rampside barrow , 1 in scotland: st fergus). gas liverpool bay (douglas) field formerly entered nts @ burton point terminal in cheshire, terminal identified national grid nts offtake connah s quay power station.
onshore gas fields such saltfleetby lincolnshire (production via theddlethorpe terminal); , wytch farm dorset.
continental europe. norway via langeled pipeline , easington terminal; netherlands via bbl pipeline; belgium via interconnector uk pipeline, both of latter through bacton gas terminal.
imported lng. gas delivered import terminals @ isle of grain lng; milford haven (south hook , dragon). canvey island gas terminal ceased importing lng in 1984.
storage facilities. these include mixture of salt cavity storage, onshore lng storage sites, depleted onshore gas fields , depleted offshore gas field @ rough (via easington terminal). storage facilities include: holford cheshire; garton/aldborough east yorkshire; hornsea east yorkshire; stublach cheshire; holford cheshire; hole house farm cheshire; saltfleetby lincolnshire; hatfield moor south yorkshire; , barton stacey/humbly grove hampshire. nts formerly supplied following decommissioned lng sites: ambergate derbyshire (closed 1985); dynevor arms merthyr tydfil (closed 2009); glenmavis lanarkshire (closed 2012); partington greater manchester (closed 2012); , avonmouth bristol (closed april 2016).
there salt cavity storage facility @ hornsea, east yorkshire. severn cavities @ depth of 1800 m each store 60 million m of gas @ maximum pressure of 240 bar. releasable volume of gas half of gross volume. during periods of low demand gas compressed cavities electrically driven compressors , fed onto nts @ times of peak demand.

gas specification , composition

the specification of gas transported within nts typically within following parameters.



parameters marked * specified in gas safety (management) regulations 1996.


the composition of natural gas in nts typically follows.



compressor stations

there twenty 5 (mostly gas turbine driven) compressor stations , on 25 pressure regulators. gas moves through nts @ speeds 25 mph (40 m/s) depending on pressures , pipeline diameters. compressor stations operate @ pressure ratio of 1:1.4, ratio balance between maintaining pressure , hence flow, , capital , running cost of compressors. ensures temperature rise across compressors not high enough require after-coolers prevent damage pipeline protective coatings. on pipelines st fergus, compressor stations provided @ 40 mile (65 km) intervals; each compresses gas 48 bar @ 5 °c 65 bar @ 45 °c.


compressor stations include:



england - wooler, bishop auckland, carnforth, nether kellett, warrington, hatton, alrewas, wisbech, king s lynn, peterborough, churchover, huntingdon, cambridge, diss, chelmsford, aylesbury, lockerley , wormington.
scotland - aberdeen, avonbridge, kirriemuir, moffat , st fergus.


offtakes

offtakes nts include supplying industrial users, local distribution networks, storage sites , export pipelines.



offtakes 71 large users such power stations , industry either on multi-business sites such billingham , runcorn or individual companies such ineos teesside.
nts offtakes inland storage sites (see entry ) , offshore rough field storage site via easington gas terminal.
the nts supplies irish interconnectors; 24-inch 135 km scotland-northern ireland pipeline (snip) ballylumford northern ireland , 2 24-inch uk-eire interconnectors dublin, supplied nts offtake @ moffat. gas can exported belgium , netherlands via interconnector uk , bbl pipelines both via bacton terminal.
offtakes gas distribution network of local distribution zones.


gas distribution network

companies own part of gas network, known local transmission system (lts), known officially gas transporters. gas enters network via nts through pressure reduction station twelve gas distribution zones in england, scotland , wales within 8 distribution networks. network covers 275,000 km (171,000 mi). lts managed hinckley, leicestershire (former headquarters of nts). financial transactions between gas transporters managed xoserve, based in solihull. formerly internal department of national grid , became independent company.


for retail distribution, national grid plc (this division based in northampton) owns network in north west england, west midlands, east midlands, east of england , north london. in north of england, local distribution owned northern gas networks; in wales , west wales , west utilities; , in southern england , scotland sgn.








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